O3对日光温室黄瓜病虫害的防治效果

通过室内与大田试验，明确O3对日光温室黄瓜病虫害的防治效果。研究结果表明，在病害发生初期，用O3发生器隔天施放O3，每天施放3次，每次40min，间隔20min，O3浓度维持约1mg／kg，施放后7天，对黄瓜霜霉病、白粉病、细菌性角斑病及灰霉病防治效果分别为63．4％、53．6％、68．7％和65．0％。室内施放O3 60s，间隔20min，持续12h，对温室白粉虱、南美斑潜蝇成虫杀伤力为100％。O3对黄瓜植株安全，但随着黄瓜生育期的推进，对O3的忍受能力依次减弱。苗期忍耐O3最大浓度为1～2mg／kg，结果期0．4～1mg/kg，后期0．2～0．4mg／kg。O3防治黄瓜病虫害新技术具有安全、有效、方便、无二次污染等特点，尤其在黄瓜定植前对棚室进行大剂量消毒，可不留死角，且有效地解决了硫磺等药物消毒所造成棚内一些设施的破坏及对生态环境污染的难题，具有广阔的推广应用前景。     

我国近年来水稻重大病虫害可持续控制技术重要研究进展——非化学控害技术研究

针对水稻病虫害防治中长期存在控害保产与生产无公害稻米矛盾比较突出的问题,研究提出了几种效果显著的非化学控害增产技术。其中,利用水稻遗传背景、对病虫抗感水平等差异显著的水稻品种多样性种植,控制稻瘟病的效果达42.12％～76.68％,抑制白背飞虱若虫数量增长效果明显,增产糯稻或优质稻600～1050 kg／hm²,平均增收约1 500元／hm²;稻鱼共育控制稻飞虱的效果为63.77％～86.89％,对纹枯病病株抑制率70.52％,控制稻田杂草效果为89.57％,平收获鲜鱼319.5～1 177.5 kg／hm²,水稻产量比对照区增产7.05％～10.11％;稻鸭共育控制稻飞虱效果63.73％～77.18％,控制稻螟效果30.11％,控制纹枯病效果19.33％～67.03％,对稻田杂草控制效果91.96％,减少施肥30.6％、农药59.3％,减少投入1 987.05元／hm²。     

百合病毒病的发生与症状类型

百合病毒病症状类型可归纳为7种类型,轻花叶型(Mm),重花叶型(Sm),矮化型(Stu),丛簇矮化型(Rstu)。黄化矮化型(Ys),扁茎簇叶型(Fsbl),花变叶型(Phy),其中轻花叶型和重花叶型发生普遍,花变叶型出现较少。病害发生的轻重与种球种龄有关,种龄越大,发病越重。前茬种植百合的地块较种植小麦的地块发病重,低洼积水地发病重。不同百合品种对病毒病的抗性有差异。     

Advances in studying the differentiation into neurons of mesenchymal stem cells and their application

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a population of multipotent cells that can proliferate and differentiate into marrow and non-marrow cell types, such as adipocytes, chondrocytes, myocytes, and so on. In recent years, many researchers have studied whether MSCs are capable of differentiation into neurons in vivo and ex vivo. The result that MSCs-derived neurons express NSE and NF, but don't express GFAP suggests MSCs can differentiate into neurons, some researchers have achieved success in promoting functional recovery in Pakinsons and transactional spinal cord injury rat models by use of MSCs-derived neurons. Therefore, MSCs-derived neurons will play an important role in the therapy for a variety of diseases of the nervous system.     

控制鸡场呼吸道病的初步研究

江苏某鸡场饲养的蛋鸡，呼吸道病很严重，用药物和现有的疫苗控制效果都不够理想。为此，将该鸡场发生呼吸道病病鸡的病料进行收集，制成油佐剂灭活苗对鸡进行免疫接种，结果获得满意的效果。     

茶黄酮对无角多赛特羊生长和呼吸道疾病的影响

选择平均体重为26．6kg的无角多赛特断奶大羔羊22只．平均体重为49．3kg的无角多赛特育成羊48只，分别分为对照组和试验组，试验组羊只精料补充料中添加300mg／kg的茶黄酮，研究茶黄酮对羊只生长和呼吸道疾病的影响。结果表明，添加茶黄酮可提高羔羊和育成羊的增重效果．和对照组比较羔羊提高增量9．8%（P〉0．05），育成羊提高增重6．1%（P〉0．05）；在饲料中添加茶黄酮可使羔羊呼吸道疾病发病率降低64%，使育成羊呼吸道疾病发病率降低50%，可有效预防羊的呼吸道疾病。     

我国玉米病虫害发生现状、趋势与防控对策

近年来,随着我国农业种植结构的调整和耕作栽培方式的转变,玉米品种选育加快,种植面积迅速增加,玉米病虫害发生一直呈加重趋势,一些次要病虫害在全国范围或局部地区为害不断加重,上升为主要病虫害,生产上还出现了一些新发病虫害,对玉米安全生产构成了威胁。本文总结了我国玉米重要病虫害的发生现状,并对发生趋势进行了分析,目前生产上的重要病虫害如亚洲玉米螟、桃蛀螟、棉铃虫以及黏虫为害加重并将持续发生;土传病害玉米茎腐病、穗腐病等危害将持续加重;风险性叶斑病玉米大斑病、南方锈病等仍在流行,未来不可忽视;还需关注未来危害性具有上升趋势的病虫害。提出了相应的防控对策。     

南充地区晚熟柑桔主要病虫害发生特点及综合防控措施

本文介绍了南充地区晚熟柑桔主要病虫害的种类及为害发生特点,并提出了相应的病虫害综合防控措施,保证晚熟柑桔的正常生长,以期为当地晚熟柑桔生产、种植户节本增收提供参考。     

Pathogen Analysis of Goat's Respiratory Diseases

To investigate the pathogens of goat's respiratory disease from a goat farm in Guangxi province, the epidemiological investigation, clinic observation, pathological examination, bacterium isolation and identification, biochemical test, PCR and animal experiment test were conducted.The preventive and control measures were taken on the basis of pathogen epidemiological characteristics and drug sensitive test results.The results showed that Mycoplasma, influenza virus and parasite were negative by isolation and culture or PCR, however, two strains of gram-negative bacteria named MS1 and MS2 were isolated from lung.MS1 was identified as Serratia marcescens by biochemical test and 16S rRNA sequencing, which shared 99% nucleotide homology with other Serratia marcescens in GenBank.And MS2 was identified as E.coil by the same methods that shared 99% nucleotide homology with other E.coli in GenBank.Animal experiment showed that two strains could cause death in mice.The drug sensitive tests showed two strains were highly sensitive to spectinomycin, amikacin, kanamicin and neomycin.Kanamycin and dexamethasone were used to treat the sick goats, and achieved good results.